当你已经退租超过14天,但是中介和房东没有向你确认退回押金的数额的时候,有以下3种情况:
如果押金被保护在TDP的Custodial托管计划下面,那么你的押金存在TDP,可以通过Single Claim程序来保证14天内房东和中介对你退回押金的请求做出回应。
如果押金被保护在TDP的Insured保险计划下面,或者你的租房合约类型不是AST, 你的押金被存在房东或中介账户,最终需要small claim court来判决押金归属
如果房东或中介没有回应,或者不同意采用TDP仲裁,那么你需要通过small claim court来要回押金。
如果你是AST (Assured Shorthold Tenancy),但是押金没有被TDP保护的话,你可以通过small claim court要回1-3倍押金赔偿。
如何确定你的押金到底在哪里呢?
首先可以直接询问房东和中介,他们应该会给你押金被保护的证明。
查看你的合同,关于押金保护的条款里面关于押金被保护的机构。
你可以在3个官方押金保护的网站或者致电查询,并提供和合同上一致的信息来查询:postcode, surname,租期开始日期,押金金额。 如果是多人在合同上,surname有可能是使用Lead Tenant的姓 Deposit Protection Service (DPS)
0330 303 0030
mydeposits
0333 321 9401
Tenancy Deposit Scheme (TDS)
0300 037 1000 (insurance scheme - landlord holds the deposit)
0300 037 1001 (custodial scheme - scheme holds the deposit)
在你准备任何法律行动之前,你还必须知道房东的姓名和在英国的地址。- - 如果是海外房东,那么他必须依法提供一个英国的地址和联系方式。(你需要他的姓名和地址来发送法律公函。)
如果你没有房东的姓名,英国地址和联系方式,那么发送**书面请求(模板如下)**给收租人要求获得相关信息。
如果21天仍然没有提供,那么你可以索赔2个月租金的罚金
如果证明是故意不提供信息,那么可以索赔4个月的租金。
同时你也可以像中介的监管组织投诉,中介会面临最多2500镑的罚款。
[邮件模版: Request for landlord's name and address]
I’m the tenant of the [your address].
I’m writing to ask you for my landlord’s name and address.
You must provide me with this information in writing within 21 days of receiving this request under section 1(1) of the Landlord and Tenant Actou 1985.
Please also send me the landlord's mobile number and email address if you can.
I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
当你的押金被TDP(Tenancy Deposit Protection)指定的3个机构之一被保护的时候,房东和中介可以选择Custodial托管计划(押金寄存在托管机构),或者是Insured保险计划(押金保留在房东中介处)。这两种计划都是被认可的,但是押金取回过程有所不同。最显著的区别是Custodial托管计划的又TDP仲裁,Insured保险计划最终又Court order裁定。若要确定你的押金是在哪一个计划里面,请参见上一篇文章
当你的押金被保护在Custodial计划内,你已经退租14天但是房东并没有确认是否返还你的押金,或者你无法联系到你的房东时候,你可以发起Single Claim向TDP索要退回你的押金。具体流程如下:
向TDP发起Single Claim请求
填写Statutory Declaration声明表格并请律师见证。表格每个TDP内容不一样,请邮件或者电话联系你的TDP索取表格。这个声明包括房东姓名,地址,押金金额,租期结束时间和你索要的押金金额。
中介和房东有30天时间来回复,如果超过30天没有回复,那么TDP会自动退回你的押金。
如果中介和房东不同意你要求退还押金的金额,那么会进入TDP 的dispute resolution service(争端解决服务)
DRS可以看作是一个仲裁服务(可持续3-个月),TDP会根据证据来决定赔偿金额和押金退回数量
当你进入DRS程序之后,你需要先等待分配一个caseworker(等待可长达3个月)
仲裁程序开始后,房东和中介有14天时间上传主张扣除的金额和证据(contract, check-in, check-out)
之后租客会有14天时间做回应和提供租客的证据
双方提交证据结束后,等待仲裁结果(等待可长达3个月)。仲裁结束后TDP会根据结果把押金退回
如果你的租房合约不是AST(通常为合租或者学生宿舍),或者你的房东把要你保护在Insured保险计划,但是并不同意使用TDP的仲裁服务,那么你需要从small claim court要回押金。
small claim court的使用范围非常广泛,不仅仅是退回押金,还从房东要求其他补偿(修缮,维护等合同规定房东没有旅行义务造成的损失),或者是别人欠钱等多数小额(小于1万镑)的财务纠纷。有如下步骤:
发Letter before action(起诉前警告信),在正式把房东告上法庭之前,用如下模板讨要押金,并给房东14天时间回应。(注意信件需要用tracked post发到房东预留的英国通信地址。如果房东没有提供地址,请参考教程(一)发给收租人或者中介,他们有法定义务告知你否则面临高达4个月房租的罚款。)
[Use the subject: Letter before claim]
I am the former tenant of [address of property].
My tenancy started on [date] and ended on [date].
I left the property in good condition and paid the full rent until the end of my tenancy.
My tenancy deposit
I paid you a deposit of £xxx on [date].
I wrote to you on [date] to ask for a full refund of my deposit to me within 10 days.
[I suggested that we use the dispute resolution (ADR) service offered by the deposit protection scheme. You did not reply or refused this.]
Please return the full amount of £xxx within 14 days of receiving this letter.
If I do not receive payment or a substantial response from you within 14 days I will start proceedings in the county court without further notice.
I will include a claim for interest on the amount of the unreturned deposit.
**发起small claim,**填写Court Form N1表格(仅作实例,具体案例请自主研究或者咨询律师),email给CNBC并交庭审费用。(电话法庭他们会邮件发你详细步骤。) 注意small claim胜诉可以拿回claim的金额和court fee,但是不包括律师费,因此从费用上考虑适合DIY。
**双方会收到法庭的通知书,房东有14天选择是否为为自己辩护或听证。**如果没有回应你可以选在用Form N227申请缺席审判。
**如果房东决定为自己辩护,法庭会安排听证hearing日期(通常需要等待数月),**在此听证之前你和房东仍然可以私下和解,否则双方需要在开庭前各自准备证据并提交交换证据。
**出席庭审,**当双方都到场的情况下可以各自陈述,如果某方没有到场,则会根据提交的证据来判决court order决定押金归属。
英国手把手教你退租要回押金(四)未保护押金三倍赔偿
如果你是AST合同(不清楚自己合同类型请看第一篇文章),但是房东或中介并没有在租期开始30天内把你的押金保护起来,那么你可以从county court申请最高3倍的押金赔偿。
具体步骤如下:
发送Letter before action (记得用1st class signed 和email如果有的话)- 模板如下。
在find-court-tribunal找到附近的County Court,先电话联系,再发送N208表格和相关证据提起claim. claim 理由是under S213-214 of the Housing Act 2004 (non-compliance with the Tenancy Deposit Scheme) (示例如下,如有疑问请遵循律师意见。)
出席听证会Hearing陈述你的观点。(可能需要预约在几个月之后)。如果房东或中介在听证会之前返还了押金,你仍然可以出席听证会获取一至三倍赔偿。
拿到Court Order判决之后,房东应该在14天内保护你的押金并给与赔偿。如果没有,他将有一个CCJ在信用记录,而且你可以选择不同的强制执行方案。(参考之前债务催收的时候有详细说明。)
相关证据包括:
a copy of your tenancy agreement
the receipt or confirmation you paid your deposit
letters to and from your landlord
records of rent payments
printouts of your searches on the tenancy deposit protection websites
[模板: Letter before action - Tenancy deposit protection]
I am the former assured shorthold tenant of [address of property] which you rented to me on [date].
The property was left in good order and the rent was fully paid to the end of my tenancy.
I am writing concerning the deposit of £xxx I paid to you on [date] as a security against my obligations under the terms of my tenancy agreement.
Compensation for failure to protect my tenancy deposit
Section 213 of the Housing Act 2004 required that you protected my deposit with a government-backed scheme within 30 days of the payment of my deposit. You were also required to provide me with details of the scheme you’ve used along with certain other information.
[Delete the sentences below that do not apply]
You failed to protect my deposit with a government-backed scheme.
You failed to protect my deposit within 30 days of the payment of my deposit.
You failed to give me the necessary information about the tenancy deposit scheme you used within 30 days of the payment of my deposit.
You informed me that you had protected my deposit with [name of scheme] but I found no evidence that you had done so.
Section 214 of the Housing Act 2004 provides that where the court is satisfied that you failed to comply with your obligations under the law relating to tenancy deposit protection it must order that you pay me one to three times the amount of the deposit paid.
Settlement
I am open to reasonable offers about compensation to settle this matter to avoid the costs of going to court.
If I do not hear from you or we are unable to come to a reasonable agreement by [date - allowing at least 14 days from receipt of your letter], I will issue court proceedings in the county court without further notice.
I reserve the right to include a claim for interest on the unreturned deposit.
I will also be asking for an order to cover my costs. I will be relying on court rules for pre-action conduct that say you may have to pay more in costs if you ignore this letter.
确认你的押金还在被保护。
You need a postcode, surname, tenancy start date and deposit amount to search.
Deposit Protection Service (DPS)
0330 303 0030
免费代查:您只要提供如下信息:
0333 321 9401
0300 037 1000 (insurance scheme - landlord holds the deposit)
0300 037 1001 (custodial scheme - scheme holds the deposit)
Call your scheme if you cannot get into your online account.
公益代查:押金被保护了吗?
Surname of lead tenant 租客姓氏(合同有多名租客请都提供)
Month and Year of deposit was paid 押金支付月份
Tenancy start date 租期开始月份
Porperty postcode 邮编
Deposit Amount 押金金额
返回结果(示例):
DPS - Not Found
mydeposits - Not Found
TDS - Found ABCDXXXX
一旦您的房东收到您的押金,他们将有 30 天的时间告诉您:
租赁房产的地址
你付了多少押金
押金如何受到保护
租赁押金保护(TDP)计划及其争议解决服务的名称和联系方式
他们(或租赁机构)的姓名和联系方式
支付押金的任何第三方的姓名和联系方式
为什么他们会保留部分或全部押金
如何申请拿回押金
如果您在租约结束时无法联系到房东该怎么办
如果押金出现争议怎么办